Article
Analysis of impaired cerebral perfusion in a murine model of subarachnoid hemorrhage by laser speckle contrast imaging
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Authors
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Axel Neulen
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
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Simon Meyer
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
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Andreas Kramer
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
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Serge C. Thal
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| Published: | June 9, 2017 |
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Outline
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Objective: Neurological deterioration due to delayed cerebral infarctions (DCI) is a major cause of poor outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A major focus of experimental SAH studies is therefore on analysis of cerebral perfusion. However, in vivo perfusion measurements are complicated in small animal models. Here we used laser speckle imaging – a method that allows two-dimensional visualizion of tissue perfusion at the level of microcirculation in vivo – in mice with SAH to map cortical perfusion through the intact calvaria.
Methods: SAH was induced in C57BL/6 mice by endovascular filament perforation. Sham animals were treated identically but without endovascular perforation. Before and after induction of SAH and after 24 and 72 hours cortical perfusion was analyzed through the intact calvaria by laser speckle imaging using a laser perfusion imager. Flux values representing cortical perfusion were determined from a region of interest of a size of 6.9 mm2 placed on the left parietal region.
Results: 14 animals were included; 5 were assigned to the sham group and 9 to the SAH group. 2 SAH animals died (days 1 and 3 after SAH). Flux values determined before induction of SAH were similar between SAH and sham animals. Induction of SAH induced a significant decrease in cortical perfusion in SAH animals to 34.1±3.6% compared to the values before SAH induction (p<0.001). In the further course perfusion recovered partly to 69.3±17.8% after 24 hours, but remained significantly lower compared to preoperative values (p<0.05), and stayed at 73.4±9.4% after 72 hours (n.s.). In contrast, in the sham group, pre- and postoperative flux values and those after 24 and 72 hours were not significantly different (postop.:101.4±10.2%, 24 hours: 110.6±11.4%, 72 hours: 97.2±11.6%).
Conclusion: In mice changes in cortical perfusion induced by SAH can be depicted and quantified by laser speckle imaging, which could therefore be a promising tool for analyzing regional cerebral perfusion in experimental small animal studies on the mechanisms of DCI after SAH.
