Artikel
Superficial Siderosis: a systematic review with a special focus on olfactory dysfunction
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Autoren
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Hergen Friedrich
- Universitätsklinikum Bern Inselspital, Bern, Schweiz
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Marco D. Caversaccio
- Universitätsklinikum Bern Inselspital, Bern, Schweiz
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Baslile N. Landis
- Universitätsklinikum Bern Inselspital, Bern, Schweiz
| Veröffentlicht: | 15. April 2013 |
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Gliederung
Text
Introduction: Superficial siderosis (SS) is rare but affects invariably the head and neck region. The presumed mechanisms in SS are chronic or intermittent hemorrhages with hemosiderin deposits within the subarachnoidal space. Clinically SS presents mostly with motor signs, ataxia and bilateral hypocousia. Amongst other symptoms anosmia is rarely reported.
Aim of the study: to perform a systematic review on olfactory disorders in SS.
Methods: A systematic review was performed using a search in pubmed with the keywords “olfac*”, “hyposmia”, “normosmia”, “anosmia”, “parosmia”, “phantosmia” or “smell” and “superficial siderosis” Further search included references from identified articles that were cross referenced.
Result: A total of 178 articles were identified. 140 articles fitted the required criteria. Within these articles we found a total of 241 SS cases with olfactory disorders. The most prevalent olfactory symptom was anosmia (12%) followed by hyposmia (7%). In the overwhelming majority of the cases olfactory function was not measured. No parosmia or phantosmia occurred.
Conclusion: Olfactory disorders occur in about 20% of the patients with SS. Reported olfactory disorders in SS are rarely measured but mostly based on subjective complaints. Further research including testing olfactory function is necessary to investigate the prevalence of anosmia in superficial siderosis.
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