Artikel
Biofilm formation and inflammatory tissue reaction after intraoperative infection of a cranial implant with Staphylococcus aureus in rats
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Autoren
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Silke Paret
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Silke Glage
- Institution for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Andreas Winkel
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Material Science, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Meike Stiesch
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomedical Material Science, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Joachim K. Krauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany
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Kerstin Schwabe
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| Veröffentlicht: | 8. Juni 2016 |
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Gliederung
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Objective: Implant failure is a severe and frequent adverse event in all areas of surgery. It often involves infection with biofilm formation, accompanied by inflammation of surrounding tissue and bone loss. The most common bacteria causing implant failure is Staphylococcus aureus. We here test whether intraoperative infection of intracranial screws with Staphylococcus aureus would lead to biofilm formation and inflammatory tissue reaction in rats.
Method: Two titanium screws were implanted in the cranium of Sprague-Dawley rats, anesthetized with xylazine (4mg/kg) and ketamine (75mg/kg). Prior to the implantation of the screws Staphylococcus aureus were given in the drill holes, controls received vehicle PBS. Additionally, the effect of immunosuppression with (Ciclosporine A (CSA) was tested. Rats were euthanized 2, 10 and 21 days after surgery to remove the screws for analysis of biofilm formation with a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The surrounding tissue composed of soft tissue and bone, as well as the underlying brain tissue was evaluated for inflammation, bone remodeling, foreign body reaction and fibrosis after HE staining.
Results: Intraoperative application of Staphylococcus aureus leads to robust and stable biofilm formation on the titanium implants on days 10 and 21 after surgery, while no bacteria were found in controls. This was accompanied by substantial inflammatory response of peri-implant tissue after infection, also affecting the underlying brain tissue. Immunosuppression with CSA had no effect.
Conclusions: Intraoperative infection of implants with Staphylococcus aureus in rats may be used as a reliable model to evaluate the influence of new implant materials and surfaces on the biofilm formation and inflammatory tissue reaction in vivo.
