Article
The Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of South African Hand Therapists towards Occupation-Based Practice
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Authors
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Ilande Vorster
- University of Cape Town, The Hand Rehabilitation Unit, Cape Town, South Africa
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Helen Buchanan
- University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| Published: | February 6, 2020 |
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Outline
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Objective: The philosophy of occupational therapy harnesses restorative powers of occupation-based practice (OPB) to promote health and well-being. Internationally and locally, most hand therapists are occupational therapists (OTs), however, hand therapy treatment is primarily component-based (body structures and functions) even though hand injuries lead to occupational dysfunction. This results in inadequate client-centred, holistic treatment, leading to persisting occupational dysfunction post discharge. The aim of the study was to establish therapists' attitudes, knowledge and practices surrounding OBP to determine contextual barriers and facilitators to incorporating OBP in treatment.
Materials and Methods: A quantitative, cross sectional study using an online survey was sent to OTs via local professional associations. A 'Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices' survey was developed, drawing items from literature and similar studies. Content validation was done through a panel review of experts and peers. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics.
Results: 67 responses met the inclusion criteria. Although participants showed understanding and positive attitudes towards OBP, trends revealed a poor inclination to incorporate it in treatment: 61% of participants predominantly use exercises and splinting and 7.5% of participants always formulate a comprehensive occupational profile for each patient. Reported barriers to OBP include patient expectations, limited occupation-based activities, time limitations and a high patient load.
Conclusions: Positive treatment outcomes are linked to OBP. Hand therapy treatment in SA does not entirely encompass core OT philosophies. This study identifies the specific needs of hand therapists to incorporate OBP in treatment. Strategic discussion points can be drawn for education and professional boards to direct continuing professional development courses to translate theory into practice and to further enhance the professional scope for OTs in hand therapy.
