Article
Rare histological types of laryngeal cancer among the Bulgarian population
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Published: | March 30, 2016 |
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of rare histological types and subtypes of laryngeal cancer, in a cohort of patients treated in the ENT Clinic “St. Marina” Hospital, Varna, Bulgaria.
Methods: A retrospective study of the medical records in a tertiary Head and Neck Surgery centre for a period of 6 years (between 2006 and 2012).
Results: A total of 258 patients with cancer of the larynx were identified. The percentage of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is 98% (253/258 cases). Of the patients with SCC 8 (3.2%) were basaloid SCCs. The other 245 (96.8%) were conventional SCCs with different stage of differentiation (G1- 50, G2-141, G3 -31, CIS – 7). Some rare types observed included small-cell carcinoma (1), adenocarcinoma (1), haemangiopericytoma (1), mucoepidermoid carcinoma (1), metastasis from clear renal cell carcinoma (1). The overall incidence of the rare histological types/metastases was 2% - 5/258 cases.
Conclusion: Our findings correspond to the data from the medical literature - over 90% of all laryngeal neoplasms are conventional SCCs. All of the rare histologies that we observe have been previously reported in literature and are with debatable etiology and treatment. They differ from the typical SCC in tumor behaviour, clinical presentation and progression.
The haemangiopericytoma, the small-cell carcinoma and the mucoepidermoid carcinoma are rare primary laryngeal tumors, whereas the adenocarcinoma can only be defined as primal if it cannot be specified otherwise. Laryngeal involvement of renal cell carcinoma is a very rare occurence.
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