gms | German Medical Science

Gesundheit – gemeinsam. Kooperationstagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (GMDS), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sozialmedizin und Prävention (DGSMP), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Epidemiologie (DGEpi), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Soziologie (DGMS) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Public Health (DGPH)

08.09. - 13.09.2024, Dresden

Article

Send article

Duration of non-hospitalized acute SARS-CoV-2 first infections with Omicron depending on previous vaccinations

Meeting Abstract

Search Medline for

  • Nadine Glaser - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Sophie Diexer - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Bianca Klee - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Oliver Purschke - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Mascha Binder - Universitätsspital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  • Thomas Frese - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Matthias Girndt - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Jessica Hoell - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Irene Moor - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Jonas Rosendahl - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Michael Gekle - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Daniel Sedding - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Cornelia Gottschick - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
  • Rafael Mikolajczyk - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany

Gesundheit – gemeinsam. Kooperationstagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (GMDS), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sozialmedizin und Prävention (DGSMP), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Epidemiologie (DGEpi), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Soziologie (DGMS) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Public Health (DGPH). Dresden, 08.-13.09.2024. Düsseldorf: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House; 2024. DocAbstr. 492

doi: 10.3205/24gmds719, urn:nbn:de:0183-24gmds7191

Published: September 6, 2024

© 2024 Glaser et al.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. See license information at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Outline

Text

Introduction: Investigations on vaccine effectiveness (VE) against SARS-CoV-2 mostly focus on infection risk and severe infections with hospitalization and mortality as outcomes [1], [2]. However, compared to the Delta variant, infections with the persisting Omicron variant mainly show a milder and more often asymptomatic course of disease with a 50% lower probability of hospitalization (data adjusted for vaccination status) [3]. We assessed within the group of first-infected individuals not requiring hospitalization, whether symptomatic disease was shorter among those vaccinated and whether it depended on the number of vaccinations and time since the last vaccination.

Methods: In March 2023, we sent an online questionnaire to 70,538 participants of a digital research platform (DigiHero) in 13 federal states in Germany. We asked them about symptom duration and number of days spent in bed for SARS-CoV-2 infections (based on a self-reported positive test) occurring between September 2022 and March 2023. We investigated the association between the number of received vaccine doses, months since last vaccination, and SARS-CoV-2 infection duration (symptoms and days in bed) via negative binomial regression, adjusting for sociodemographic factors.

Results: Among 43,211 responders (61%), 6,747 were first-infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the aforementioned time span (dominant Omicron variant). Among those, none reported requiring hospitalization. 4,629 individuals reported both the infection date and duration (symptoms and days in bed). We calculated a mean symptom duration of 8.4 days [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.3; 8.6] and a mean number of 2.8 days [95% CI: 2.7; 2.8] spent in bed. We noted no major differences in infection duration depending on the number of vaccinations. Longer time since the last vaccination was associated with an 11% longer symptom duration [relative duration >12-15 months vs. 0-3 months: 1.11 (95% CI: 1.00; 1.23)] and 26% more time spent in bed [relative duration >12-15 months vs. 0-3 months: 1.26 (95% CI: 1.07; 1.49)]. Male sex and a high social class were associated with shorter SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Conclusion: The number of preceding vaccinations did not affect the duration of a breakthrough infection with the Omicron variant among those not requiring hospitalization. There was some indication of protection depending on the time since the last SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, but this effect was not very strong.

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

The authors declare that a positive ethics committee vote has been obtained.

Outline

References

1.
Chemaitelly H, Ayoub HH, AlMukdad S, Coyle P, Tang P, Yassine HM, et al. Duration of mRNA vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 subvariants in Qatar. Nat Commun. 2022;13:3082. DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30895-3 External link
2.
Kherabi Y, Launay O, Luong Nguyen LB. COVID-19 Vaccines against Omicron Variant: Real-World Data on Effectiveness. Viruses. 2022;14(10):2086. DOI: 10.3390/v14102086 External link
3.
Chenchula S, Karunakaran P, Sharma S, Chavan M. Current evidence on efficacy of COVID-19 booster dose vaccination against the Omicron variant: A systematic review. J Med Virol. 2022;94:2969–76. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27697 External link