gms | German Medical Science

Hintergrund: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming a major public health problem worldwide. We reviewed the published evidence of prevalence of CKD in population-based study samples that used the standardized definition from the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative of the National Kidney Foundation (K/DOQI) practice guideline, and particularly focuses on estimated equations in order to provide a summary of available data of the burden of CKD in various populations.

Material und Methoden: We performed a systematic review of available published data in MEDLINE. A combination of various keywords relevant to CKD was used.

Ergebnisse: A total of 26 studies were included in this review. The studies were conducted in different populations, and the number of study participants ranged from 237 to 19381. The prevalence of CKD ranged from 1.5% in a study from the USA to 58.5% in a study from Finland. Prevalence increased with age in all populations and showed a markedly high prevalence among elderly persons (≥ 64 years) with a range between 23.4% by use of the MDRD equation in a study from the US and 58.5% in using the CG/BSA equation in a study from Finland. Importantly, the prevalence of CKD strongly depended on which estimated equations were used. The increase of the prevalence with age was greater in using the CG/BSA rather than the MDRD equation, particularly in persons aged 70 years or older, and differences in prevalence by using the estimated equations seemed much stronger in elderly persons than in younger ones.

Schlussfolgerungen: Worldwide, CKD is becoming a common disease in the general population. Accurately detecting CKD in special groups remains inadequate, particularly in elderly persons, females or other ethnic groups such as Asians.