gms | German Medical Science

10. Deutscher Kongress für Versorgungsforschung, 18. GAA-Jahrestagung

Deutsches Netzwerk Versorgungsforschung e. V.
Gesellschaft für Arzneimittelanwendungsforschung und Arzneimittelepidemiologie e. V.

20.-22.10.2011, Köln

Cost-effectiveness of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors for the prevention of diabetic nephropathy in the Netherlands – a Markov model

Meeting Abstract

  • corresponding author presenting/speaker Charles Christian Adarkwah - CAPHRI School of Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Medicine III, RWTH-University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
  • Afschin Gandjour - Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, USA
  • Maren Akkerman - Faculty of Medicine, RWTH-University Aachen, Aachen, Germany
  • Silvia Evers - CAPHRI School of Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Health Services Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

10. Deutscher Kongress für Versorgungsforschung. 18. GAA-Jahrestagung. Köln, 20.-22.10.2011. Düsseldorf: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House; 2011. Doc11dkvf040

doi: 10.3205/11dkvf040, urn:nbn:de:0183-11dkvf0404

Published: October 12, 2011

© 2011 Adarkwah et al.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.en). You are free: to Share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work, provided the original author and source are credited.


Outline

Text

Objective: Type 2 diabetes is the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the Netherlands [1] as well as in other European countries and the United States [2], [3]. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have a potential to slow down the progression of renal disease and therefore provide a renal-protective effect [4], [5]. The aim of our study was to assess the most cost-effective time to start an ACE inhibitor (or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) if coughing as a side effect occurs) in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in the Netherlands.

Methods: A lifetime Markov decision model with simulated 50-year-old patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus was developed using published data on costs and health outcomes and simulating the progression of renal disease. A health insurance perspective was adopted.

Three strategies were compared: treating all patients at the time of diagnosing type 2 diabetes, screening for microalbuminuria, and screening for macroalbuminuria.

Results: In the base-case analysis, the treat-all strategy is associated with the lowest costs and highest benefit and therefore dominates screening both for macroalbuminuria and microalbuminuria. A multivariate sensitivity analysisshows that the probability of savings is 70%.

Conclusions: In the Netherlands patients with type 2 diabetes should receive an ACE inhibitor immediately after diagnosis if they do not have contraindications. An ARB should be considered for those patients developing a dry cough under ACE inhibitor therapy. The potential for cost savings would be even larger if the prevention of cardiovascular events were considered.


References

1.
RenineStatistic Report. The development o fthe renal replacemen tprogram in the Netherlands in the period 1990-2006. [Article in Dutch]. Registry renal replacementNetherland. Dutch End-Stage Renal Disease Registry. Registratie Nierfunktievervanging Nederland). 2007.
2.
Frei U, Schober-Halstenberg HJ. Nierenersatztherapie in Deutschland. Bericht über Dialysebehandlung und Nierentransplantation in Deutschland 2005/2006. Berlin: Quasi-Niere; 2004.
3.
U.S. Rena Data System. USRDS 2001 annual data report: atlas of ESRD in the United States. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2001.
4.
Ahmad J, Siddiqui MA, Ahmad H. Effective postponement of diabetic nephropathy with enalapril in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria. Diabetes Care. 1997;20(10):1576-81.
5.
Lewis EJ, Hunsicker LG, Bain RP, Rohde RD. The effect of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibition on diabetic nephropathy. The Collaborative Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1993;329(20):1456-62.