Artikel
Risk factors for HIV-1 infection in a vaccine preparedness cohort study in Mbeya Region, Tanzania
Risikofaktoren für den Erwerb einer HIV-Infektion in einer tansanischen Kohorte zur Vorbereitung künftiger Impfstoffstudien, Mbeya, Tansania
Suche in Medline nach
Autoren
Veröffentlicht: | 2. Juni 2010 |
---|
Gliederung
Text
Introduction: Despite many advances in HIV prevention, treatment and care HIV⁄AIDS continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in Africa. Hence, the development of an effective HIV vaccine remains an urgent priority.
A vaccine preparedness cohort was started in 2002 in Mbeya Region, Tanzania, in order to determine the ability of our site to recruit and retain people from the general population who were at risk for HIV infection and to collect information important for the design of future HIV vaccine efficacy trials.
Objectives: This study aims to describe risk factors that were associated with incident HIV infection in adults from Mbeya Region, Tanzania.
Methods: HIV incidence was calculated as the number of seroconversions per 100 person-years (PY). Risk factors for HIV acquisition were analysed using Cox regression.
Results: Overall, we observed 2,578 initially sero-negative participants for 7,474 PY (mean period of 3.07 PY). HIV incidence was 1.36 per 100 PY (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11–1.66 per 100 PY). HIV acquisition was independently associated with female gender (hazard ratio [HR]=1.67, 95% CI 1.07–2.62), younger age at enrolment (age 18–19 vs. 35-39: HR=0.33, 95% CI 0.13–0.80), alcohol consumption (almost daily vs. none: HR 2.18, 95% CI 1.10–4.29), school educational level (secondary school vs. none: HR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16–0.85) and number of sex partners (more than five vs. one: HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.11–4.21). There was some evidence of an association between HIV incidence and having no religion (HR 1.88, P=0.08).
Conclusion: A high incidence of HIV was observed in this cohort, especially in females from semi-urban settings. We could demonstrate a strong association between HIV incidence and young age, alcohol consumption, school education and number of sex partners. Therefore, more interventions are needed to address the elevated risk associated with these characteristics.