Artikel
Body shapes of multiple anthropometric traits and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the UK Biobank
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Autoren
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Patricia Bohmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Michael J. Stein
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Andrea Weber
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Julian Konzok
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Emma Fontvieille
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
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Laia Peruchet-Noray
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Quan Gan
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Béatrice Fervers
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; INSERM UMR1296 Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment, Lyon, France
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Vivian Viallon
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
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Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Michael F. Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Heinz Freisling
- Nutrition and Metabolism Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
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Anja M. Sedlmeier
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Center for Translational Oncology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| Veröffentlicht: | 6. September 2024 |
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Gliederung
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Background: Numerous studies link anthropometric measures (e.g., body mass index, waist circumference) to mortality. However, these traditional measures may not fully capture the complexity of adiposity. Investigating multi-trait body shapes could overcome this limitation and improve our understanding of associations between adiposity and mortality.
Methods: We used UK Biobank data from 346,882 adults (aged 40-69 years at baseline from 2006-2010) and derived four orthogonal body shapes from principal component analysis on body mass index, height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, and waist-to-hip ratio. We then used multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for associations between body shapes and all-cause and cause-specific mortality.
Results: During a median follow-up of 12.6±1.4 years, 19,852 deaths occurred.
A generally obese body shape exhibited a U-shaped all-cause mortality association (HR=1.18, 95% CI=1.16-1.20 per 1-unit increment; HR=1.14, 95% CI: 1.11-1.17 per 1-unit decrease), absent among never-smokers. For cause-specific mortality, more of a generally obese body shape showed the most pronounced relation with digestive and metabolic disease-specific mortality (HR per 1-unit increment=1.45; 95% CI=1.36-1.54), followed by CVD-specific, respiratory disease-specific, and cancer-specific mortality (HR=1.11, 95% CI=1.09-1.14).
Conversely, a tall body stature with low central obesity was inversely related to all-cause mortality and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, digestive and metabolic diseases, respiratory diseases, and death from other causes, with HRs ranging from 0.81 (95% CI=0.73-0.89) for respiratory disease-specific to 0.98 (95% C= 0.96-1.00) for all-cause mortality.
A tall body stature combined with high central obesity, however, was linked to increased risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality, with HRs ranging from 1.39 (95% CI=1.31-1.49) for respiratory disease-specific to 1.10 (95% CI=1.08-1.13) for cancer-specific mortality. However, reduced risks were observed when this body shape was less pronounced.
Furthermore, an athletic body shape was associated with lower mortality risks, particularly from digestive and metabolic diseases (HR=0.88, 95% CI=0.82-0.96) and respiratory diseases (HR=0.89, 95% CI=082-0.96). In contrast, less of an athletic body shape was related to increased risks across all examined causes.
Conclusions: A tall, centrally obese body shape was linked to higher mortality risk. A generally obese body shape showed a U-shaped mortality association, likely driven by residual confounding by smoking. While taller and leaner or more athletic body shapes showed no increased mortality risk, lesser degrees of these body shapes were related to enhanced mortality risk. Multi-trait body shapes may refine our insights into how different adiposity subtypes impact mortality.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
The authors declare that a positive ethics committee vote has been obtained.
