Artikel
Superior’s managerial quality and cardiovascular disease among employees: 5-year follow-up of the Gutenberg Health Study
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Autoren
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Sylvia Jankowiak
- Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Fachbereich Arbeit und Gesundheit, Berlin, Germany
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Stephanie Drössler
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Matthias Nübling
- Freiburger Forschungsstelle für Arbeitswissenschaften (FFAW), Freiburg, Germany
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Andreas Schulz
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Juliane Bauer
- Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Karin Rossnagel
- Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
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Merle Riechmann-Wolf
- Institute of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Karla Romero-Starke
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits- und Sozialmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Dresden, Germany
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Andreas Seidler
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Pavel Dietz
- Institute of Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Manfred Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Karl Lackner
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology – Cardiology I, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Philipp Wild
- Preventive Cardiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Janice Hegewald
- Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| Veröffentlicht: | 6. September 2024 |
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Gliederung
Text
Background: There is growing evidence supporting various concepts in regard to leadership behaviors as predictors of employee cardiovascular health [1], [2]. While the cohorts investigated are mostly large in numbers, there is often no differentiation between sexes or only men are investigated. By analyzing data from the population-based prospective Gutenberg Health Study (GHS), we aim to investigate the association between employee rated superior’s managerial quality and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) as well as arterial stiffness among female and male employees.
Methods: Participants of the GHS that were classified as employees were examined at baseline (2007-2012) and after five years. Superior’s managerial quality was rated at baseline by subordinates with ten items of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), encompassing the scales “Quality of Leadership” (4 items), “Predictability” (2 items) and “Role Clarity” (4 items) with an internal consistency of α=.88 and used together as superior’s managerial quality score. The summed scores were used continuously and standardized to a range from 0 to 100. To test the association of superior’s managerial quality at baseline and incident CVD, we estimated Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) for incident CVD per 1 standard deviation increase in the standardized superior’s managerial quality score. Incident CVD were defined as first acute myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, or confirmed sudden cardiac death. For a change in arterial stiffness using digital photoplethysmography with a Pulse Trace PCA2 device, we used linear regression models. All analyzes were stratified by sex.
Results: At baseline, 4,322 participants completed the ten COPSOQ items for superior’s managerial quality. Sixty incident CVDs occurred during the 5-year follow-up – 40 events among 1,288 men and 20 events among 1,128 women. For men, there was a statistically non-significant tendency that a higher superior’s managerial quality score was associated with a lower CVD risk (HR=0.85; 95% CI 0.59 to 1.24), robust to adjustments for age, socioeconomic status, occupational, lifestyle, and cardiovascular risk factors. In contrast, among women, a higher superior’s managerial quality score was not associated with a lower CVD risk, but this inverse trend was also statistically not significant (HR 1.13; 95% CI 0.78 to 1.64). We found no association between employee rated superior’s managerial quality and an increased arterial stiffness five years later among either women or men.
Conclusions: Our results show an indication of a lower CVD risk for men reporting good superior’s managerial quality five years earlier. The results of women display an opposite non-significant observation of the relation between superior’s managerial quality and CVD risk. It is essential to detect inadequate superior’s managerial quality, and if present, to apply a workplace intervention with a focus on appropriate managerial behaviors in order to lower employees’ CVD risk. In addition, further studies with sex differentiation, a longer observation period, and a higher number of cases are necessary.
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
The authors declare that a positive ethics committee vote has been obtained.
References
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- Xu T, Rugulies R, Vahtera J, Pentti J, Mathisen J, Lange T, et al. Workplace psychosocial resources and risk of cardiovascular disease among employees: a multi-cohort study of 135 669 participants. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2022 Nov 1;48(8):621-631.
