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Gesundheit – gemeinsam. Kooperationstagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (GMDS), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sozialmedizin und Prävention (DGSMP), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Epidemiologie (DGEpi), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Soziologie (DGMS) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Public Health (DGPH)

08.09. - 13.09.2024, Dresden

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Frequency and determinants of anxiety, depression and fatigue during COVID-19 pandemic and associations with SARS-CoV-2 infection

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  • Anna Horn - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Institute for medical Data Sciences, Würzburg, Germany
  • Lena Schmidbauer - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Institute for edical Data Sciences, Würzburg, Germany
  • Olga Miljukov - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Institute for medical Data Sciences, Würzburg, Germany
  • Thomas Bahmer - Internal Medicine Department I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
  • Irina Chaplinskaya-Sobol - Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
  • Ramsia Geisler - Department II of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department I for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
  • Jan Heyckendorf - Internal Medicine Department I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
  • Thomas Keil - Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany; Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Institute for Health Resort Medicine and Health Promotion, Bad Kissingen, Germany
  • Lilian Krist - Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Berlin, Germany
  • Caroline Morbach - Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Department of Medicine I, Würzburg, Germany
  • Carolin Nürnberger - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Institute for medical Data Sciences, Würzburg, Germany
  • Susanne Poick - Internal Medicine Department I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Institute for Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
  • Jens-Peter Reese - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Institute for medical Data Sciences, Würzburg, Germany
  • Anne-Kathrin Ruß - Institute for Medical Informatics and Statistics (IMIS), Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany; Institute for Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
  • Annemarie Scheer - Internal Medicine Department I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Kiel, Kiel, Germany
  • Stefan Schreiber - Internal Medicine Department I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH) Kiel, Kiel, Germany
  • Jörg Janne Vehreschild - Department II of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Department I for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner-Site Cologne-Bonn, Köln, Germany
  • Stefan Störk - Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Department of Medicine I, Würzburg, Germany
  • Peter Heuschmann - Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg (UKW), Institute for medical Data Sciences, Würzburg, Germany

Gesundheit – gemeinsam. Kooperationstagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Informatik, Biometrie und Epidemiologie (GMDS), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Sozialmedizin und Prävention (DGSMP), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Epidemiologie (DGEpi), Deutschen Gesellschaft für Medizinische Soziologie (DGMS) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Public Health (DGPH). Dresden, 08.-13.09.2024. Düsseldorf: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House; 2024. DocAbstr. 684

doi: 10.3205/24gmds317, urn:nbn:de:0183-24gmds3175

Veröffentlicht: 6. September 2024

© 2024 Horn et al.
Dieser Artikel ist ein Open-Access-Artikel und steht unter den Lizenzbedingungen der Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (Namensnennung). Lizenz-Angaben siehe http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

Gliederung

Text

Introduction: The risk of anxiety, depression and fatigue after SARS-CoV-2 infection is increased during the first months after infection. However, it is unclear to what extent this increase might also be related to the pandemic conditions in general. Therefore, we compared frequency of fatigue and mental health and factors being associated with these conditions between patients formerly infected with SARS-CoV-2 and people from the general population without infection using data from established population-based studies in Germany.

Methods: In this analysis, we used data of participants formerly infected with SARS-CoV-2 from COVIDOM, the population-based cohort platform within the National Pandemic Cohort Network (NAPKON) of the Network University Medicine (NUM), recruiting participants at least 6 months after PCR proven infection reported to the health authority from 2020 to 2023 within three regions in Germany. We used a population-based sample of individuals reporting no previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 from the STAAB-COVID programme, a cohort study based on 5,000 residents of Würzburg, Germany, aged 30 to 79 years without heart failure from 2013 to 2017, followed by additional examinations during the pandemic, one of them between 2021 and 2022. Participants younger than 35 and with diverse sex were excluded due to differences in inclusion criteria in both studies. Anxiety, depression and fatigue symptoms were assessed using standardised scales (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7), 8-item depression scale from the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT) - Fatigue) and established cut-offs for determining evidence for anxiety, depression and fatigue by these scales were applied (GAD-7 and PHQ-8≥10; FACIT-Fatigue≤30). Logistic regression models were calculated separately for evidence of anxiety, depression and fatigue, adjusted for age, sex, living situation and number of comorbidities.

Results: We included n=2,466 previously SARS-CoV-2 infected from COVIDOM and n=2,424 participants without previous infection from STAAB-COVID. Median age in COVIDOM was 53 years (range=35-88) and 61 years (range=35-86) in STAAB-COVID. Across both cohorts, 46% did not report any comorbidity, 32% as having one comorbidity and 22% as having multiple comorbidities. Chronic cardiovascular system disease was the most common comorbidity in both cohorts (42%), followed by chronic lung disease (16%). The frequency of anxiety, depression and fatigue was as follows: 4.6%, 7.5% and 9.3% for non-infected and 9.5%, 18.0% and 24.0% for previously SARS-CoV-2 infected. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with higher odds for anxiety (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.5-2.5), depression (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.8-2.8) and fatigue (OR 2.5, 95% CI 2.0-3.0). Furthermore, younger age, female sex, living alone and a higher number of comorbidities were associated with increased severity of anxiety, depression, and fatigue symptoms.

Discussion: In addition to an earlier infection, multimorbidity in particular, but also age, sex and living situation were associated with higher odds for anxiety, depression, and fatigue. These groups should be given special support after the pandemic to avoid negative late effects in terms of mental health and fatigue. Identifying further risk factors and analysing the relationship between the three conditions in more detail will be necessary in the future.

Competing interests: Jens-Peter Reese, Peter U. Heuschmann

The authors declare that a positive ethics committee vote has been obtained.