Artikel
Stat3 and Stat5 govern IL-10 expression in T cells through trans-activation and epigenetic remodeling in health and disease
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Autoren
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Christian Michael Hedrich
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus TU Dresden, Dresden
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Thomas Rauen
- Universitätsklinikum der RWTH Aachen, Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Aachen
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Jose Crispin
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Rheumatology, Boston, MA, United States of America
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George Tsokos
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Rheumatology, Boston, MA, United States of America
| Veröffentlicht: | 12. September 2014 |
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Gliederung
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Background: IL-10 is an immune-regulatory cytokine that plays a central role during innate and adaptive immune responses. T cells are a major source of IL-10. The molecular mechanisms governing IL-10 expression remain only partially understood.
The autoimmune disorder systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by autoantibody production, immune complex formation, and altered cytokine expression. IL-10 is elevated in the serum and tissues of SLE patients. Next to its anti-inflammatory capacities, IL-10 promotes the differentiation, survival, and activity of B cells. Thus, IL-10 contributes to autoantibody production and tissue damage in SLE.
The molecular events contributing to the increased expression of IL-10 in SLE patients remain to be determined. We aimed to determine molecular mechanisms controlling IL10 in health and disease.
Methods: DNA methylation of IL10 regulatory regions has been monitored using MeDIP assays. Applying reporter constructs and chromatin immunoprecipiation, we investigated the role of Stat transcription factors in the trans-regulation of IL10. Through forced expression of Stat proteins in the abscence or presence of the histone acetyl-transferase p300, we investigated possible interactions and their effects on epigenetic patterns of the IL10 gene.
Results: In T cells, DNA methylation of the IL10 promoter and the 4th intron governs the recruitment of Stat transcription factors. Both Stat3 and Stat5, which are recruited to the 5’ proximal promoter and the 4th intron, regulate IL-10. Stat3 and Stat5 mediate both trans-activation and epigenetic remodeling through their interaction with the histone acetyltransferase p300. In T cells from SLE patients, activation of Stat3 is increased, resulting in a replacement of Stat5, subsequently promoting IL-10 expression.
Conclusion: Understanding the molecular events contributing to cytokine deregulation in SLE will offer new therapeutic options. Correcting the imbalanced activation of Stat transcription factors may be a promising candidate in the search for novel therapeutic approaches in SLE.
