Artikel
Optimization of tissue engineering conditions for bone formation in a vascular pedicle model
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Veröffentlicht: | 27. September 2011 |
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Gliederung
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Introduction: The repair of large bone defects following trauma, infection and tumor resection remains a major clinical challenge. Theoretically, bone tissue engineering could solve the problem of limited donor tissue availability without donor site morbidity. Prefabrication approaches developed in the field of reconstructive microsurgery can be exploited to enhance neovascularization.in engineered tissues. A particularly promising approach is to implant materials around a vascular pedicle that allows de novo vascularization While progress has been made in this approach, our incomplete knowledge about the role of different vascular components influencing neovascularization, the correlation between osteoinductive periosteum and the optimal combination of stem cells and target cells limits the ability for further progress. This study was carried out to evaluate the role of different vascular components inside a tissue engineering chamber, the role of periosteum as an osteoinductive factor and the impact of different compounds of stem cells and osteocytes as target cells.
Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were used for a pedicled groin fat flap based on the inferior epigastric vessels. The pedicles, femoral artery and vein, were isolated and employed as vascular carriers inside a silicone tube as the tissue engineering chamber. PEG-PLLA was used as scaffold mixed with different amounts of bmMSC and osteocytes. The fat groin flap was wrapped around the silicone chamber. At different time points (3d, 1w, 3w and 12w) the TE chamber was harvested and histologic and molecular analysis, blood vessel density, immunohistochemistry and quantification of VEGF was performed.
Results: Gene expression with vein and A+V seemed to be superior in terms of VEGF, TGFß and HGF expression. Periosteum is a critical factor as an osteoinductive component inside a TE chamber.