Artikel
Non-invasive mapping of higher cortical function by navigated rTMS: Calculation
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Autoren
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Stefanie Maurer
- Neurochirurgische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
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Noriko Tanigawa
- Faculty of Linguistics, Philology, & Phonetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K.
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Theresa Hauck
- Neurochirurgische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
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Bernhard Meyer
- Neurochirurgische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
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Sandro M. Krieg
- Neurochirurgische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| Veröffentlicht: | 2. Juni 2015 |
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Gliederung
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Objective: The mapping of higher cortical functions is of broad interest for cognitive neuroscience as well as for neurosurgical applications. Concerning calculation function some studies already reported on localizing computational function and dyscalculia in patients and volunteers mainly by functional MRI (fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Yet, the development of accurate navigated repetitive TMS (rTMS) with a considerably higher spatial resolution and the possibility of combining it with various tasks opens a new field in cognitive neuroscience. This study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of rTMS for locating cortical calculation function in order to establish this technique for future scientific applications as well as preoperative mapping in brain tumor patients.
Method: 20 healthy, purely right-handed subjects (11 female, 9 male) underwent rTMS mapping for calculation function using 5 Hz/10 pulses. Both hemispheres were investigated in a randomized fashion with 14 days delay between the mappings. 52 previously determined cortical spots of the whole hemispheres were anatomically identified and stimulated on both sides. The subjects were instructed to perform the calculation task composed of 80 simple arithmetic operations while rTMS pulses were applied.
Results: The highest error rate of 80% for all errors of all subjects in the calculation mapping was observed in the right ventral precentral gyrus (vPrG). In respect to division tasks, the highest error rate (45%) was achieved in the left middle middle frontal gyrus (mMFG). The subtraction task showed its highest error rate (40%) in the right angular gyrus (anG). The highest error rate for the addition task (35%) was observed in the left anterior superior temporal gyrus (aSTG). At last, in the multiplication task a maximum error rate of 30% was induced in the left anG.
Conclusions: rTMS seems to be feasible for locating cortical calculation function. Besides language function, the cortical localizations are well in accordance with the current literature for other modalities or lesion studies.
