Artikel
A new membrane for GBR/GTR – the potential of different silk protein membranes compared to conventional collagenous membranes in replacement of cranial bone defects
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Veröffentlicht: | 21. März 2014 |
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Gliederung
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Introduction: The aim of the study was to analyse biocompatibility and the induction of bone growth by silk protein membranes compared to a conventional collagenous membrane that served as a reference material.
Material and methods: The study consisted of four different testing items (Group I: unmodified Silk protein membrane, Group II: Silk protein membrane modified with hydroxyapatite, Group III: Silk protein membrane modified with β-TCP and Group IV: control/ conventional collagenous membrane. All test items were implanted into pre-defined bone defects in the cranium of female White New Zealand rabbits (n= 40).
Bone defects and its restoration are monitored by hematological examinations, micro- computer tomography, immunohistochemistry and histomorphometry.
20 animals were sacrificed after 5 weeks and 20 animals after 10 weeks.
Results: All membranes facilitated bone repair of critical-size calvarial defects in rabbits 10 weeks after surgery. The amount, thickness and stage of maturity of the newly formed bone, however, differed for the various membranes used in this study. Greatest bone formation was noted with Group III followed by Group IV and Group II. Defects covered by silk protein membranes modified with β-TCP showed greater bone formation displaying a higher degree of maturity than defects, for which the other membranes were used. Empty control defects did not display any defect bridging or bone repair.
Conclusion: Silk protein membranes modified with β-TCP contain bioactive ceramic, which is well known for its excellent osteoconductive properties, and also in part is responsible for the greater mechanical stiffness of these membranes. According to this first in vivo study functionalized silk membranes are a promising tool for natural bone replacement without any signs of bulk or foreign body reaction during degradation process.