gms | German Medical Science

Introduction: MUC1, also known as CA 15-3, is a cell adhesion molecule previously shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of breast carcinoma, various cancers and other diseases such as interstitial lung disease. It is thought to play a role in inflammatory processes in different organ systems. To date, little is known about MUC1 gene expression in atherosclerotic arteries. Thus, we explored the potential expression of MUC1 in peripheral arterial disease.

Material and methods: Using quantitative real-time PCR, Western Blot and immunohistochemistry, we investigated differential expression of human MUC1 in human arteries without macroscopic atherosclerosis from transplantation operations (n = 15), atherosclerotic arteries removed after major lower limb amputation (n = 15) and femoral thrombo-endarterectomy (n = 15), respectively.

Results: Human MUC1 mRNA and protein expression could be demonstrated in all tissue specimens. A significant down-regulation of MUC1 mRNA and protein expression could be detected in amputee specimens compared to non-sclerotic arteries (p < 0.01). Immunohistochemical staining showed a predominant MUC1 expression in epithelial cells of the intima.

Conclusion: For the first time we were able to show that MUC1 is expressed in human arteries. The significant down-regulation of MUC1 gene expression found in sclerotic specimens could be explained by calcification and destruction of the epithelial cells of the intima. From our data a potential role of MUC1 in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis can be assumed, so that MUC1 might become a future target of medical treatment.