Article
First introduction of a new mouse model of experimental polytrauma including controlled cortical impact injury of the brain
Etablierung eines experimentellen Polytrauma-Models der Maus mit einem offenen Schädel-Hirn-Trauma
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Authors
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M.J. Mirzayan
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
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C. Probst
- Klinik für Traumatologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
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M. Samii
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, International Neuroscience Institute, Hannover
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C. Krettek
- Klinik für Traumatologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
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M. van Griensven
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute, University of Vienna
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A. Samii
- Klinik für Neurochirurgie, International Neuroscience Institute, Hannover
| Published: | April 11, 2007 |
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Outline
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Objective: Although the majority of the patients with traumatic brain injury present with injuries involving the extremities, there is a clear paucity of adequate polytrauma models in the mouse. Such a model is a prerequisite condition for evaluation of suspected drugs, which may diminish the secondary damage following a polytrauma. We describe an experimental polytrauma model of the mouse combining a controlled cortical impact, hemorrhagic shock and femur fractur.
Methods: 20 male C57BL mices with a mean weight of 22g were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine. The anaesthetized animals were subjected to a controlled cortical impact (CCI) over the left parietotemporal cortex using rounded-tip impounder for application of a standardized brain injury. Following fracture of the right femur using a guillotine, a hemorrhagic shock was induced via blood aspiration. The control groups included animals with CCI (n=20) and animals with fracture of femur plus hemorrhagic shock (n=20).
Subjects were sacrificed at 96 hours following trauma. Intracardial blood sample was taken before. For further histopathological evaluation following organs were preserved: brain, lung, splen, kidney and liver.
Results: The mortality rate before the 96 hours was 25%. There was no mortality in the control groups. The inflammatory response measured by Il-6, TNFα, CD4+ and CD8+ cells was significantly stronger in the polytrauma group, in comparison with the control groups (p<0.01). The histopathological investigations of the brain (H&E, Nissl, GFAP) and peripheral organs (H&E) prove that the combination of the traumas generates a more severe damage than the addition of the singular components.
Conclusions: The findings of this study show that such a polytrauma model can be standardized resulting in a reproducible damage. The effects caused by this combination are significantly more severe than the addition of the singular components.
