Figure 5: Fluoroscopic documentation of a balloon dilatation of a valvular stenosis within the 3D-printed heart model
A) Balloon dilatation of a valvular aortic stenosis. The inflated balloon is positioned at the level of the aortic valve. The long guide wire is inserted via the descending aorta with its tip lying in the left ventricle.
B) Balloon dilatation of a valvular pulmonary stenosis. The inflated balloon is positioned at the level of the pulmonary valve. The long guide wire is inserted via the vena cava inferior through the right atrium into the right ventricle with its tip lying in the right pulmonary artery.
(Aorta = aortic arch, AS = aortic stenosis, PS = pulmonary stenosis, LV = left ventricle, LA = left atrium, RV = right ventricle, RA = right atrium).