Figure 7: MRP-TORP. Middle ear transmission function measured in fresh temporal bone specimens. The transmission function for the total prosthesis (TORP, green line) coupled to the normal manubrium and the total prosthesis coupled to the manubrium prosthesis (MRP + TORP, removed manubrium, red line) show nearly identical results as for the intact ossicular chain (black line); measurement by means of laser-Doppler-vibrometry on the footplate; stimulation of 94 dB SPL, intact eardrum.