gms | German Medical Science

Figure

Figure 9: The MAP-Kinase pathway, SAP-Kinasae, the activation of NF-κB following activation of the Toll-like/IL-1 Receptor, and activation of STAT via cytokine-receptors as paradigms of intracellular signal trandusction mechanisms (s. text).

Lipophilic noxae can pass the cell membrane and activate the cytosolic arylhydrocarbon-receptor (AhR) directly, which then serves as a transcription factor.