Article
Residential history of environmental exposures at the residence and coronary calcification
Search Medline for
Authors
-
Kateryna Fuks
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
-
Natalie Riedel
- Institute of Spatial Planning, Dortmund University of Technology, and the Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, the University of Münster, Dortmund
-
Nico Dragano
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
-
Anja Viehmann
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
-
Ulla Roggenbuck
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
-
Michael Nonnemacher
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
-
Stefan Möhlenkamp
- West German Heart Centre of Essen, University Hospital Essen, the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen
-
Susanne Moebus
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
-
Raimund Erbel
- West German Heart Centre of Essen, University Hospital Essen, the University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen
-
Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen
-
Barbara Hoffmann
- IUF – Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine and Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf
| Published: | September 20, 2011 |
|---|
Outline
Text
Background: In previous cross-sectional analyses we found a relationship between residence close to highly trafficked roads and coronary calcification. However, these analyses lacked a residential history to assess duration of exposure. We expanded our prior analyses by investigating the effect of environmental exposures’ duration and cumulative 10-year particulate matter (PM) exposure on the degree of coronary calcification.
Methods: We used baseline data from 2000 to 2003 from the population-based prospective Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. A residential history of 10 years before baseline examination was obtained for 3,320 participants living in Mülheim and Essen, aged 45-75 years. Urban background PM, modeled with the dispersion and chemistry transport model (EURAD), and road traffic noise values (EU-directive; 2002/49/EC) were assigned on a monthly basis to all of the participantsŽ addresses. Coronary artery calcification (CAC) was measured with electron-beam computed tomography. High CAC was defined as CAC greater than the sex- and age-specific 75th percentile. Logistic regression models were used, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.
Results: Among participants free of overt coronary heart disease and without missing values on covariates (n=2,830), the complete ten-year residential history was available in 2697. Of these 587 (20.7%) changed their residence at least once. Mean PM10 concentration during the 10-year observation period was weakly linked to CAC: in comparison to lower quartile of distribution (<31.2 µg/m3), for quartile 2 (31.2-33.1 µg/m3) OR was 1.23 (0.98-1.56), for quartile 3 (33.1-35.5 µg/m3) 1.33 (1.06-1.68), and for the upper quartile (≥35.5 µg/m3) 1.11 (0.87-1.40). Mean 24-hour mean noise level >65 dB at the residence during 1-60 months was associated with slightly elevated OR for CAC (OR 1.26;0.78-2.02), but no effect was found for those living 61-120 months (OR 0.88;0.68-1.14).
Conclusions: We found some evidence that high environmental exposures during the 10-year period before baseline assessment were associated with coronary calcification. However, the historic exposure reconstruction using a 10-year residential history and reductions in sample size due to out-of-area relocations pose methodological challenges of the approach.
