gms | German Medical Science

7th EFSMA – European Congress of Sports Medicine, 3rd Central European Congress of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Annual Assembly of the German and the Austrian Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Austrian Society of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

26.-29.10.2011, Salzburg, Austria

The survey of lower extremity alignment in the athletes affected by shin splint

Meeting Abstract

7th EFSMA – European Congress of Sports Medicine, 3rd Central European Congress of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Salzburg, 26.-29.10.2011. Düsseldorf: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House; 2011. Doc11esm112

doi: 10.3205/11esm112, urn:nbn:de:0183-11esm1127

Published: October 24, 2011

© 2011 Naderi et al.
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/deed.en). You are free: to Share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work, provided the original author and source are credited.


Outline

Text

Objective: One of the most common shin problems that are frequently labeled “Shin Splints” is Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome. These sport injury has been reported to occur frequently in military recruits, distance runners, dancers, football (soccer) players and gymnasts. Although, much research is done for the pathophysiologic cause of this situation, but this problem remains unresolved. Because some of the Study shows that excessive foot peronation has been one of the most reasons of shin splint [1], [2], [3], [4]. And because, some of authors have stated that the foot excessive pronation can be cause compensatory internal rotation of the tibia and the femur [5]. Present study hypothesis, due to relationship between excessive foot pronation and tibial and femoral internal rotation, these two factors are affecting the Shin Splint as well as foot pronation.

Material/Methods: For this research, 12 athletes affected by shin splint with a mean of Age (24.95±3.92), BMI (23.90±3.7), height (174±18.2) and duration of exercise per week (15.81±6.06)) and 12 healthy athletes with a mean of Age (25.06±4.26), BMI (23.95±2.5), height (178±12.2) and duration of exercise per week (11.35±7.21)) were selected as a research subjects. Foot type and femoral anteversion and tibial torsion were measured by the foot posture index (FPI) and CT scan respectively. In this study was used of the spiral CT scan model, diagnostic accuracy of spiral CT is comparable, with 92% sensitivity and 96% specificity. The FPI is a diagnostic clinical tool aimed at quantifying the degree to which a foot can be considered to be in a pronated, supinated or neutral position. The differences of variables between the two groups were assessed using an independent sample t test.

Results: Findings: Findings showed that significantly different between average of IPF score in the two groups in Favor of subjects with Shin Splints (p<0/05). Also there wasn’t significantly different between average tibial torsion and femoral anteversion angle in the two groups (p>0/05).

Conclusion: Conclusion: In this study, the patients affected by Shin Splint have excessive subtalar pronation, that consistent with Delacerda, Bennett et al, Yates et al. [1], [3], [4]. Since the plantar arch is an essential component to ground reactions force absorption during the Gait Cycle. Excessive pronation causes the longer eccentric contractions on the foot intrinsic and extrinsic muscles. Consequently, muscle fatigue occurred earlier, which in return that increased the force absorbed by tenoperiosteom and bone and this could be a factor for Shin splint. Average of IPF for the subjects affected by shin splint was in the pronation area, therefore the shin splint must be prevented by the early intervention before the exercise via distinguish pronated foot.


References

1.
Yates B, White S, et al. The Incidence and Risk Factors in the Development of Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome among Naval Recruits. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2004;32:772-80.
2.
Messier SP, Pittala KA. Etiologic factors associated with selected running injuries. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. 1988;20(5):501-5.
3.
Delacerda FG. A study of anatomical factors involved in shinsplints. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1980;2(2):55-9.
4.
Bennett JE, Reinking MF, Pluemer B, et al. Factors contributing to the development of medial tibial stress syndrome in high school runners. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2001;31:504–10.
5.
Mark H, et al. The relationship between clinical measurements of lower extremity posture and tibial translation. Clinical Biomechanics. 2002;17(4):286-90.