Artikel
Assessment of nutrition status and maximum oxygen uptake in a selected group of Polish athletes training martial arts
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Veröffentlicht: | 24. Oktober 2011 |
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Objective: The aim of the study was to asses the nutrition status and maximum oxygen uptake in a selected group of Polish athletes practicing martial arts, being in a high training period.
Material/Methods: A total of 36 athletes, aged 20±3 years, practicing freestyle wrestling (n=18) and judo (n=18), participated in the study. Analysis of body composition was performed by the determination of values of resistance and reactance by the bioelectrical impedance method using a BIA 101S analyser by AKERN-RJL. On their basis the body composition of athletes was assessed using a Bodygram computer programme. Measurements of body composition were taken under recommended measurement conditions e.g. on an empty stomach in the morning. Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) by athletes was measured using a Cosmed K4b2 respirometer during the progressive test performed by the athletes at an increasing load at the Kettler X1 cycle ergometer.
Results: The analysis of body composition showed a mean adipose tissue content of 14.1% in wrestlers and 13.4% in judokas. In 67% wrestlers and 72% judokas the adipose tissue was found at less than 14.9%, of which over 22% examined athletes in both groups had body fat content below 10%. The measurement of maximum oxygen uptake during the progressive test showed similar values in both analyzed sports disciplines, amounting to 68.7±9.0 ml/min/kg body weight in wrestlers and 67.2±8.9 ml/min/kg b.w. in judokas. We need to stress here the higher (p=0.02) maximum oxygen uptake in athletes with a low body fat content (FM<10% – mean VO2max= 76.3 ml/min/kg) than in those with a higher body fat content (FM>18% - mean VO2max= 62.1 ml/min/kg). In this study correlations were also observed e.g. between VO2max and the percentage of the adipose tissue (r=-0.55, p<0.001) and the muscle tissue (r=0.43, p<0.01).
Conclusion: Assessment of body composition showed an appropriate state of nutrition in the analyzed group of athletes. However, a high percentage of athletes had a very low level of the adipose tissue. In turn, determined values of maximum oxygen uptake indicate very good oxygen efficiency of wrestlers and judokas. However, we need to stress that fact that in athletes with a lower level of the adipose tissue a better adaptation for aerobic exercise is observed. It seems to indicate the necessity to obtain and maintain not only a specific body weight, but also an appropriate body composition in athletes training martial arts.