Artikel
Cigarette smoke extract affects the differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stromal cells
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Veröffentlicht: | 27. September 2011 |
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Gliederung
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Introduction: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are known to play a key role in tissue regeneration, while cigarette smoking is described to impair it. Such problem causes a tremendous problem in clinical care. The work presented here addresses the question of how cigarette smoke affects the regeneration potential of MSC.
Materials and methods: MSC were isolated from human fat tissue of healthy donors who gave informed consent. Afterwards, MSC were cultured and exposed to different concentrations of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and it effects on viability and metabolic activity were evaluated. Additionally, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured under different concentrations. Effects of 0.5% CSE on cell migration capacity were evaluated by a scratch assay. Next, MSC were exposed to 0.5% CSE and their differentiation potential was analyzed.
Results: Exposure of MSC to high concentrations of CSE resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability (p < 0.05) and increase of ROS (p < 0.05). In contrast low concentrations (0.5%) of CSE did not affect cell viability neither metabolic activity but resulted in decreased migration activity (p < 0.05). Here we have also found that pretreatment of MSC with sub lethal concentrations of CSE decreases adipogenic differentiation (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: Our results describe for first time a direct effect of cigarette smoke in the functionality and viability of human stem cells in vitro. Our results might partially explain the decrease in the regenerative potential of smokers. In addition, it is possible to speculate that decrease in adipogenic differentiation might be partially responsible for the weight gain after smoking. Although our results are interesting, further studies have to be performed to evaluate the functional effect of cigarette smoke in MSC in vivo.